GDP and Corruption Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

GDP and Corruption - Essay Example The main objective of this paper is to use econometrics methods to show the relationship between GDP and corruption, results show that the higher the level of corruption in a country the lower the level of GDP, correlation coefficients show that as the level of corruption in a country increases GDP declines, results show that African countries have higher mean corruption levels than the other non African countries. A study by Mauro (1995) showed that corruption had an effect on the level of investment in a country, in his study he found out that corruption discouraged foreign direct investment. Ackerman (1998) states that if India was to reduce its corruption levels then it would attract foreign direct investment at the same level as the attraction attained through tax incentives, Another study by Tanzi and Davoodi (1997) showed that corruption tends to increase the level of government spending, these funds are not used for their intended purpose and therefore spending on education and health is reduced resulting to poor economic growth and human capital development. Bardhan (1997) study shows that corruption also affects income distribution and this increases poverty levels in a country, Krueger (1994) states that corruption affects the election of leaders and the decisions made by these leaders may adversely affect the economy. The level of GDP is a key indicator of the welfare and economic development in an economy, the level of GDP in a country is determined by a number of factors which include the interest rates, inflation, investment, infrastructure, human capital, capital stock, production, exports and consumption, however less emphasis has been put on the importance of eliminating corruption practices as a way to influence economic growth. In this paper we focus on the effect of corruption on the GDP level of a country, we use data on corruption index from transparency international and GDP level from the world bank, we use linear regression models to estimate the relationship between these variables and show that corruption affects the level of GDP, limitations include unavailability of data for countries and the violation of linear regression assumptions on auto regression given that we will be considering cross sectional data. The following is a description of the data and econometric modelling. Data: Data used was retrieved from transparency international website that indicate corruption index for the year 2007 for countries all over the world, data on GDP in US dollars for the year 2007 was retrieved from the world bank website. A sample of 152 countries was considered in the study and this was due to the availability of data. The following chart represents the countries considered in this study where countries are categorized into African and non African countries: Only 3 % of the countries are African while approximately 97% were non African countries, analysis on the GDP levels showed that the mean GDP levels for non African countries was relatively higher compared to the mean GDP for African countries, the following chart summarizes the results: Results also show that the mean corruption index value for African countries was relatively lower than the mean corrupti

The Spanish Enconter the Native Americans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Spanish Enconter the Native Americans - Essay Example d developed, Native Americans encountered by Cortes in Meso-America exemplified the next, more advanced stage of evolution, compared to their counterparts living in the Caribbean. The issue is worth-discussing as these differences among Native American peoples imply the need to study their development and evolution in more detail. What Columbus saw upon his arrival at the Caribbean was rather simple and unsophisticated. Friendly people who, as Columbus and the Admiral perceived, could be easily converted into Christianity, met them on the island (Columbus). They had nothing against adopting new values and religion. They were completely naked and looked very poor (Columbus). They had no weapons and did not seem to be aware of their existence (Columbus). Without iron, their javelins were merely sticks, with a few wearing fish-bones at the ends (Columbus). Obviously, architecture and buildings they had none. Later, when Columbus sailed to explore other islands, he discovered remarkable villages, with houses made like tents with high chimneys (Columbus). All villages were small, comprising not more than fifteen tents (Columbus). Columbus’s diaries do not provide any information regarding their religion; most probably, they had none. However, throughout his writing, Columbus mentions the need and importance of converting the Natives into Christian faith. By contrast, the Native Americans encountered by Cortes in Meso-America exemplified a more civilized, advanced stage of human evolution. More sophisticated and technically developed, Native Americans in Meso-America had a complex social hierarchy (Cortes). Cortes described the place where Native Americans lived as â€Å"great city†. Cities were built following complex architectural patterns and traditions (Cortes). For example, the great city had four entrances formed by artificial causeways (Cortes). Streets were straight and wide (Cortes). Unlike Native Americans living in the Caribbean, the Native Americans in

Business Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Business Project - Essay Example For this the Generations Clothing aimed to produce good quality products. In addition to the quality of the product they give importance to the simplicity and smart looking to the product. From the market surveys conducted by the business as a part of their business planning it is found that a major part of the customers are always like these types of products. From the market research, it is found that Sydney is a best market for the casual clothing. There are various market advantages that are available in Sydney market such as lower government regulations, low rate of taxes etc. By establishing stores in Sydney the Generations Clothing can The ultimate goal of the company is to create a brand image of high quality product of low price. A brand image of high quality at low price is always helpful to capture the market in the competitive market. The products should also be imaged as simply designed product. This type of brand image is helpful to attract the customers. By adopting strict cost control techniques in all levels of production and marketing process the company aimed to produce quality products at low cost. 5. Once mature create a unique sub brand to prevent risks: the mature and declining products must be replaced by new ones. In the present market environment most of the branded products are facing decline in growth rate and profit rate after they attain the maturity stage. The reason behind this phenomenon is the lack of further improvement in product quality and design. The Generations Clothing Company forecast this crucial risk and to overcome this risk they take care and prepare to present a unique sub-brand at the maturing stage of the existing product. This will be helpful for avoiding the risks related to the existing branded product. The proposed sub brand must be unique and entirely different from existing product of the company. The logo of this product should be

Service visit and analyzes assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Service visit and analyzes assignment - Essay Example As added proof of the almost excellent knowledge that Starbucks baristas have, he was able to prepare this drink without having to look up how it is mixed while all along explaining to me what went on in its making (Bussing-Burks 55). Another service aspect that I find to be particularly outstanding at Starbucks is the fact that the restaurant never sells any coffee that happens to have been sitting for more than 30 minutes. While on my visit to the shop I personally noted that the baristas would rather throw away coffee than attempt to serve anything old they deem to be old. There are however a number of aspects that left me with a negative perception during my service visit to Starbucks. The service at Starbucks can at times prove to be rude. One striking case that comes to mind is that while I was quietly seated at a corner sipping at my nutella latte while all along analyzing the service at the Starbucks store I was visiting. An incident occurred that I deemed to not be quite appropriate. During a rare lull when there were actually no customers waiting to be served at the store. The cashier started chatting with one of the barista’s, a lady walked into the store proceeded to go and stand in front of the coffee makers while awaiting to be served. Despite having noticed the presence of this customer, the cashier and barista continued with their conversation and ignored the customer who was rapidly becoming inpatient. After about two minutes of idle waiting, the customer demanded to know why she was not being served upon which the cashier rudely replied that the customer was not standing at the proper location where people order. This greatly infuriated the customer who walked out in anger and promised to file an official complaint. I found this to be quite unprofessional and it had the effect of negatively influencing my perception of the overall customer experience at the

The Nature and Importance of Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Nature and Importance of Leadership - Essay Example Ms. Rodgers served as an Assistant Manager of a local state bank for more than 10 years before assuming the position of a Unit Manager for the health institution. She had been the Unit Manager for five years now. Through her educational background, having graduated with a master’s degree in business administration from a reputable university; in conjunction with years of experience in a managerial position, makes her the perfect candidate for the current project. Leadership was deemed to be crucial in the organization Ms. Rodgers serve due to the relevance of according high quality in patient care. As such, she asserted that the subordinates who she governs should be regularly motivated, monitored, and evaluated to perform according to explicitly defined roles, responsibilities, and goals. Likewise, she believes that learning to lead is important for students like me so that we would imbibe the pertinent theories and discern how these should be applied in current and future se ttings. As a coach and motivator: She was asked to design strategies to motivate the followers into achieving identified goals; while taking into account the needs, drives, and professional growth of her followers. As a technical problem solver: As a manager, she has addressed various problems in the work-setting which required evaluating various alternative courses of action and selecting the option which maximized the benefits and minimized costs. As an entrepreneur: She makes decisions after taking the perspectives of senior management, or the real entrepreneurs; and assumes a proactive role in capturing opportunities, as well as addressing threats in the external environment. As a strategic planner: Ms. Rodgers noted that she is consistently a strategic planner through acknowledgment of goals as her standards and designing strategies that facilitate the attainment of these goals.

Managing hypoglycemia in primary care as a practice nurse Essay

Managing hypoglycemia in primary care as a practice nurse - Essay Example Many patients opt to increase their food intake to an extent where hyperglycemia becomes inevitable. Others respond by being psychologically upset which in turn compromises their quality of lif e. Long-term consequences may include a less productive lifestyle coupled with feelings of anxiety and fear. Glucose acts as the primary fuel for the large variety of functions that nervous system performs. Despite the fact that glucose is vital for neuronal survival, the local storage of glucose within the substance of brain is limited; astrocytes contain glycogen which may produce glucose for a very limited period of time. For this reason, neuronal survival is mainly dependent upon a sustained supply of glucose through the blood brain barrier. Consequently, brain becomes one of the primary targets of hypoglycemia and suffers the first insult when blood glucose level starts to fall below a certain level (65 mg/dl). Irregular electrical activity at neuronal level may precipitate seizures when the level falls below 40mg/dl. Neuronal electrical activity ceases to exist when blood glucose level is below the 10mg/dl range (Ahrens et al, 2010). Since the control mechanism related to glycemia is affected in diabetes, it is common for diabetics to encounter hypoglycemic events due to reduced food intake, altered level of activity or overuse of glucose-lowering drugs. In severe cases, hypoglycemia may bring forth worst prognostic outcomes like coma or death. Due to the fact that different symptoms like hunger, irritability or anxiety are often attributed to hypoglycemia by health care workers without documenting actual hypoglycemia, the exact incidence of hypoglycemia cannot be determined with certainty. Among people presenting with symptoms suggestive of hypoglycemia, only 5-10% are actually hypoglycemic i.e. blood sugar levels below 50 mg/dL. Moreover, the incidence

Why I Want to Teach Essay Example for Free

Why I Want to Teach Essay Why I Want to Teach A teacher is defined as someone who gives instruction as well as communicates skills. Teaching is on the top of my list of potential careers, though I am not certain it is going to be right for me. This essay should shed some light on my incentives and hesitations concerning education as a career path and I’ll hopefully gain some insight as well. I can think of many positive reasons to become a teacher. For one, teachers do something relatively different every day and also get an entirely new class every year (in theory). This gives educators a huge opportunity to make a difference in an extraordinary amount of young lives. If I were to become a teacher, it would most likely be at the primary school level, not for the course material, but because of how much I enjoy being around kids. The past few summers I worked as a counselor at a day-camp for elementary aged children, which really showed me how enjoyable and fulfilling a child-centered job can be. I really like the thought of having a summer break for the rest of my career, as well, and not to mention snow days. Traveling is a passion of mine, therefore another reason I am considering teaching is that I would like to join the Peace Corps, teaching English as a second language in other countries. Though helping people in other countries is my goal, the largest part of why I want to become an educator can be attributed to the teachers who’ve influenced me, positively and negatively. I have been inspired by teachers who had a passion for maki ng a difference in the lives of their students, and I have been motivated to surpass, in skill and influence, the sub-par teachers I have had. There are also a few negative aspects of teaching I’d like to address. First and foremost, there is the issue of a teacher’s income, which is generally somewhat low. Though my career plans are not fiscally centered, paying for a higher education and then receiving a lower income than a garbage man or an air traffic controller is not something I find appealing. With teaching there is also a lot of bureaucracy that comes with the job; a lot of red tape, so to speak. Labor laws, non-performance-reflecting salaries, and standardized testing are just a few examples of this. Part of the bureaucracy within the education system can be attributed to the stigma  involving teachers that goes â€Å"Those who can, do; those who can’t, teach† which suggests, frustrating as it may be, how teaching as a profession is viewed by our society. They are few, but my hesitations regarding teaching are powerful nonetheless.